🔰 Linux Command Cheat Sheet
File Commands
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SSH (Secure Shell)
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Searching
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Process Management
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File Permissions
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Networking
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Archiving and Compression
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System Info and Management
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Misc Commands
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File Commands
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ls
- Directory listing-
ls -l
- Long listing format-
ls -a
- List all files including hidden files-
cd /path/to/directory
- Change directory-
pwd
- Display the current working directory-
mkdir directory_name
- Create a new directory-
rmdir directory_name
- Remove an empty directory-
rm file_name
- Remove a file-
rm -r directory_name
- Remove a directory and its contents recursively-
touch file_name
- Create or update a file-
cat file_name
- Concatenate and display the file content-
more file_name
- View file content page by page-
less file_name
- Improved viewing of file content over more
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cp source_file target_file
- Copy files from source to target-
mv old_name new_name
- Rename or move a file/directorySSH (Secure Shell)
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ssh user@host
- Connect to host as user-
ssh -p port user@host
- Connect using a specific port-
ssh-keygen -t rsa
- Generate RSA key pair-
ssh-copy-id user@host
- Copy your key to the remote server for password-less loginSearching
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grep pattern files
- Search for a pattern in files-
grep -r pattern dir
- Recursively search for a pattern in a directory-
find dir -name name*
- Find files starting with name in a directory-
locate file_name
- Find files by name (uses a database)Process Management
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ps aux
- Display your currently active processes-
ps aux | grep process_name
- Find a process named process_name-
top
- Display all running processes-
kill pid
- Kill a process with a given PID-
killall process_name
- Kill all processes named process_name-
bg
- List stopped or background jobs; resume a stopped job in the background-
fg
- Bring the most recent job to the foregroundFile Permissions
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chmod +x file_name
- Make a file executable-
chmod 755 file_name
- Set read and execute permissions for owner and read for others-
chown user:group file_name
- Change file owner and groupNetworking
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ifconfig
- Display all network interfaces and IP addresses-
ping host
- Send ICMP echo request to host-
traceroute host
- Display the route packets take to a network host-
netstat -tulnp
- Display listening ports and their applicationsArchiving and Compression
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tar cf archive_name.tar files
- Create a tar archive containing files-
tar xf archive_name.tar
- Extract files from a tar archive-
gzip file_name
- Compress a file and rename it to file.gz-
gunzip file.gz
- Decompress file.gz back to the originalSystem Info and Management
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uname -a
- Show system and kernel info-
df -h
- Display free disk space in a human-readable form-
du -sh directory_name
- Show disk usage of a directory in human-readable form-
free -m
- Show free and used memory in MBMisc Commands
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man command_name
- Show manual for a command-
echo "text"
- Display a message on the screen-
date
- Display the current date and time-
uptime
- Show how long the system has been running
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